XRP Ledger Standards

    xls: 18
    title: Standard For Bootstrapping XRPLD Networks
    description: An experimental procedure to bootstrapping XRP Ledger Network
    author: Richard Holland (@RichardAH)
    created: 2021-03-25
    status: Stagnant
    category: Ecosystem

This procedure is experimental and additions amendments or recommendations based on experience to this standard draft are welcome.

Problem Definition¶

Xrpld / rippled[1] is the software that processes, achieves consensus upon and serves the decentralised public XRP Ledger, as well as numerous other public and private ledgers.

From time to time a decentralised network may stall, fork, or otherwise fail to achieve consensus because of a bug, network instability, unreliable nodes or operators, a deliberate attack, or any combination of these. In this event the bootstrapping procedure to return the network to normal operation is important and should be followed correctly to avoid (further) forks and halts.

Terminology¶

Validator refers to a rippled instance configured to publish validations of ledgers. UNL refers to a list of validator public keys that the network has collectively agreed are allowed to validate ledgers. Node refers to a validator currently listed in the network's UNL.

Procedure — Cold Start¶

Cold start describes a situation in which none of the validators in a network are currently running. This situation can arise because they crashed, were terminated automatically or were terminated manually (or any combination of these.)

1. Select a node from your UNL to be the leader. The remaining nodes will be referred to as followers.
2. On the leader run rippled from your terminal in the foreground with the following flags: ./rippled --valid --quorum 1 --load
3. On each follower run rippled from your terminal in the foreground with the following flags: ./rippled --net --quorum 1
4. In a seperate terminal, on each of the followers and on the leader you may monitor whether or not ledgers are closing correctly using: ./rippled ledger closed In particular ensure the ledger index is incrementing and the ledgers are validated.
5. On the leader terminate the foreground rippled process. (Ctrl + C)
6. On the leader run rippled normally as a daemon.
7. On the leader in the second terminal continue to monitor the last closed ledger until validation is consistently achieved, as per 4.
8. Select one follower node.
9. Terminate the foreground process on the selected follower and start rippled normally.
10. Monitor for LCL validation as per 4.
11. Repeat from step 8 until all nodes are running normally.

Troubleshooting¶

Small networks may require the quorum size to be permanently overridden for network stability. To do this modify the control script that runs rippled to include --quorum X where X is the number of nodes in your UNL less 1.

Other cases TBD¶